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Objective: (1) To determine the treatment seeking behaviour of STI clients. (2) To ascertain the relationship of socio-demographic factors and sexual behaviours with the treatment seeking component in STI clients. Methods: This cr...
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Objective: (1) To determine the treatment seeking behaviour of STI clients. (2) To ascertain the relationship of socio-demographic factors and sexual behaviours with the treatment seeking component in STI clients. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh. After obtaining approval from the Institutional Ethical Committee, the data collected daily from master register, STI/RTI patient wise register and counsellor’s patient diary during the study period August 2013 to July 2015 was processed by Microsoft Excel program. The counsellor also recorded the source of information regarding STI Clinic. The information collected regarding bio-social characteristics, high risk sexual behaviours and source of knowledge about Suraksha clinic was analysed. Results: Our results showed that literacy, male sex, urban residence and employment were some of the parameters which significantly improved the health seeking behaviour of STI clients. These variables were associated with higher odds for seeking treatment when adjusted for other variables. Similarly group with bisexual and homosexual behaviour had significantly lower odds for seeking treatment when adjusted for other variables. Conclusion/Key Message: The optimal use of information, education and communication (IEC) techniques needs to be strengthened to further improve the utilization of STI clinic services at tertiary care teaching hospitals.
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We consider a system of independent random walks in a common random environment. Previously, a hydrodynamic limit for the system of RWRE was proved under the assumption that the random walks were transient with positive speed (Ele...
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We consider a system of independent random walks in a common random environment. Previously, a hydrodynamic limit for the system of RWRE was proved under the assumption that the random walks were transient with positive speed (Electron. J. Probab. 15 (2010) 1024-1040). In this paper we instead consider the case where the random walks are transient but with a sublinear speed of the order n(kappa) for some kappa is an element of (0, 1) and prove a quenched hydrodynamic limit for the system of random walks with time scaled by n(1/kappa) and space scaled by n. The most interesting feature of the hydrodynamic limit is that the influence of the environment does not average out under the hydrodynamic scaling; that is, the asymptotic particle density depends on the specific environment chosen. The hydrodynamic limit for the system of RWRE is obtained by first proving a hydrodynamic limit for a system of independent particles in a directed trap environment.
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In this paper we study the existence of an asymptotic direction for random walks in random i.i.d. environments (RWRE). We prove that if the set of directions where the walk is transient contains a non-empty open set, the walk admi...
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In this paper we study the existence of an asymptotic direction for random walks in random i.i.d. environments (RWRE). We prove that if the set of directions where the walk is transient contains a non-empty open set, the walk admits an asymptotic direction. The main tool to obtain this result is the construction of a renewal structure with cones. We also prove that RWRE admits at most two opposite asymptotic directions.
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Consider a random walk in a uniformly elliptic i. i. d. random environment in dimensions d ≥ 2. In 2002, Sznitman introduced for each Γ ε (0,1) the ballisticity conditions (T)_γ and (T′), the latter being defined as the fulfi...
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Consider a random walk in a uniformly elliptic i. i. d. random environment in dimensions d ≥ 2. In 2002, Sznitman introduced for each Γ ε (0,1) the ballisticity conditions (T)_γ and (T′), the latter being defined as the fulfillment of (T)_γ for all Γ ε (0,1). He proved that (T′) implies ballisticity and that for each Γ ε (0.5,1), (T)_γ is equivalent to (T′). It is conjectured that this equivalence holds for all Γ ε (0,1). Here we prove that for, where γ_d is a dimension dependent constant taking values in the interval (0. 366, 0. 388), (T)_γ is equivalent to (T′). This is achieved by a detour along the effective criterion, the fulfillment of which we establish by a combination of techniques developed by Sznitman giving a control on the occurrence of atypical quenched exit distributions through boxes.
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In May 2013, a space initiative project was launched in an effort to answer the following question posed by the Memorial Sloan Kettering (MSK) Library staff: With the increased use of mobile devices and the availability of informa...
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In May 2013, a space initiative project was launched in an effort to answer the following question posed by the Memorial Sloan Kettering (MSK) Library staff: With the increased use of mobile devices and the availability of information anywhere, anytime, what activities or tasks does our user community engage in while at the Library? Data were gathered in several ways- daily counts to determine client workstation occupancy, an informal survey interview conducted three times a day with walk-in clients, and staff observations. Data collection periods were scheduled in summer 2013, fall 2013, and winter 2014. Analysis of the information collected revealed that for many survey respondents, the space represents an extension of their work environment. Although most of the MSK Library's collection is available electronically, the physical space is important and valued by this user community as a "go-to" place for leisure, work, or library-related activities.
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The focus of this work is on estimation of the in-degree distribution in directed networks from sampling network nodes or edges. A number of sampling schemes are considered, including random sampling with and without replacement, ...
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The focus of this work is on estimation of the in-degree distribution in directed networks from sampling network nodes or edges. A number of sampling schemes are considered, including random sampling with and without replacement, and several approaches based on random walks with possible jumps. When sampling nodes, it is assumed that only the out-edges of that node are visible, that is, the in-degree of that node is not observed. The suggested estimation of the in-degree distribution is based on two approaches. The inversion approach exploits the relation between the original and sample in-degree distributions, and can estimate the bulk of the in-degree distribution, but not the tail of the distribution. The tail of the in-degree distribution is estimated through an asymptotic approach, which itself has two versions: one assuming a power-law tail and the other for a tail of general form. The two estimation approaches are examined on synthetic and real networks, with good performance results, especially striking for the asymptotic approach. Supplementary files for this article are available online.
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The HIV pandemic has had a profound impact on the health and economic conditions of individuals, and people living with HIV/AIDS are faced with the task of maintaining optimal health status despite an increasing insult to their ...
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The HIV pandemic has had a profound impact on the health and economic conditions of individuals, and people living with HIV/AIDS are faced with the task of maintaining optimal health status despite an increasing insult to their immune status. The aim of the present study was to study the profile of direct walk-in and referred patients attending the Integrated Counselling and Testing Centre (ICTC) of a tertiary care hospital, which may provide important clues to understanding the epidemiology of the disease in a particular region. The study included all the attendees of the ICTC referred from the hospital or direct walk-in from January 2007 to December 2007. Three rapid HIV tests were used and the samples showing positive results in all the three tests were declared HIV positive. The results were analysed to correlate between HIV positivity, age, sex, route of transmission and direct walk-in/referred patients. A low proportion of ICTC attendees (27%) in our study were direct walk-ins. As regards HIV positivity, 312 (8.3%) out of 2440 males and 164 (4.3%) out of 1315 females were HIV positive. Among the referred HIV-positive patients 162 were males and 62 females, whereas among the direct walk-in HIV-positive patients, 150 were males and 102 females. Integrated counselling and testing is now seen as a key entry point for HIV prevention. In addition to scaling up ICTC services, it is also important to raise awareness by aggressive health education programmes and integration of ICTC into various community organizations.
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摘要 :Consider a random walk in a uniformly elliptic i.i.d. random environment in dimensions d ≥ 2. In 2002, Sznitman introduced for each ${\gamma\in (0, 1)}$ the ballisticity conditions (T) γ and (T′), the latter being defined as t...
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Consider a random walk in a uniformly elliptic i.i.d. random environment in dimensions d ≥ 2. In 2002, Sznitman introduced for each ${\gamma\in (0, 1)}$ the ballisticity conditions (T) γ and (T′), the latter being defined as the fulfillment of (T) γ for all ${\gamma\in (0, 1)}$ . He proved that (T′) implies ballisticity and that for each ${\gamma\in (0.5, 1)}$ , (T) γ is equivalent to (T′). It is conjectured that this equivalence holds for all ${\gamma\in (0, 1)}$ . Here we prove that for ${\gamma\in (\gamma_d, 1)}$ , where γ d is a dimension dependent constant taking values in the interval (0.366, 0.388), (T) γ is equivalent to (T′). This is achieved by a detour along the effective criterion, the fulfillment of which we establish by a combination of techniques developed by Sznitman giving a control on the occurrence of atypical quenched exit distributions through boxes.
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An ergodic Markov chain is proved to be the realization of a random walk in a directed graph subject to a synchronizing road coloring. The result ensures the existence of appropriate random mappings in Propp—Wilson's coupling fro...
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An ergodic Markov chain is proved to be the realization of a random walk in a directed graph subject to a synchronizing road coloring. The result ensures the existence of appropriate random mappings in Propp—Wilson's coupling from the past. The proof is based on the road coloring theorem. A necessary and sufficient condition for approximate preservation of entropies is also given.
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The purpose of this work is the study of the partition function Z(n) (beta) of a (d + 1)-dimensional lattice directed polymer in a Gaussian random environment (beta > 0 being the inverse of temperature). In the low-dimensional cas...
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The purpose of this work is the study of the partition function Z(n) (beta) of a (d + 1)-dimensional lattice directed polymer in a Gaussian random environment (beta > 0 being the inverse of temperature). In the low-dimensional cases (d = 1 or d = 2), we prove that for all beta > 0, the renormalized partition function Z(n) (beta)/EZ(n) (beta) converges to 0 and the,))(") of two independent configurations does not converge to 0. In the correlation ((n)) high dimensional case (d > 3), a lower tail of Z(n) (beta) has been obtained for small beta > 0. Furthermore, we express some thermodynamic quantities in terms of the path measure alone. [References: 26]
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